У роботі проаналізовані сучасні зміни водного режиму в нижньому б"єфі Канівської ГЕС та визначено основні фактори формування стоку на досліджуваній ділянці . За допомогою статистичного аналізу визначено тенденції до зниження рівн ів та зміну витрат води після побудови Канівської ГЕС. За різницевими інтегральними кривими досліджена циклічність стоку води у нижньому б"єфі Канівської ГЕС. Встановлені закономірності режиму щоденних рівнів та витрат води. Побудовані криві витрат води та визначено зміни у просіданні та піднятті рівнів води за різні часові періоди. Розраховані руслоформувальні витрати води та встановлено їх часову динаміку.
After the construction of the cascade of reservoirs on the Dnieper River , the over - regulation of waterrunoff caused significant changes in its water regime. In particular, this applies to the Kaniv Hydroelectric power station (HPP) , which was the last to be built in the cascade. In addition, the rivers of Ukraine have a low - w ater phase of the water regime, which leads to a decrease in their runoff. This, in turn, affects the dynamics of channel formation processes. That is why the current assessment of water regime and channel processes in the lower reaches of the Kaniv HPP is important, &because they depend on effective water management activities, operation of reservoirs throughout the Dnieper cascade. The dependence of water inflow to Kaniv HPP on discharges from Kyiv HPP and water runoff of the Desna River has been establish e&d. The paper analyzes the current changes in the water regime in the lower reaches of the Kaniv HPP and identifies the main factors of runoff formation in the study area. Hydrological information for 45 years (1977 - 2021) is taken as a basis for& research of the regime of daily levels and water consumption in the lower reaches of the Kaniv HPP With the help of statistical analysis, the tendencies to decrease the levels and change of water consumption after the construction of Kaniv HPP w&ere determined. Acc ording to the difference integral curves, the cyclicity of water runoff in the lower reaches of the Kaniv HPP was studied and the water phases for average, minimum and maximum water consumption were identified. Graphs of empiri&cal curves of daily supply le vels and water consumption are constructed. To obtain the closest approximation of the empirical estimate of the probability of exceeding its analytical value, taking into account the variability of variable random va&riables of the variational series, the formula of Kritsky and Menkel was used. Water flow curves are constructed and changes in subsidence and rising water levels over different time periods are determined. Significant changes in water content and& its impact on the processes of channel formatio n in the lower reaches of the Kaniv HPP were shown by graphs of relationships between levels and costs for 45 years of its operation. For further calculations, 15 representative curves were selected&. The process of channel formation is multifactorial, whic h mainly depends on natural and anthropogenic factors of channel processes. The calculation of channel formation costs was carried out according to the method of M.I. Makkaveeva and supplem&ented by O.G. Obodovskyi and set their time dynamics.
